The Hero with a Thousand Faces (first published in 1949) is a work of comparative mythology by Joseph Campbell, in which the author discusses his theory of the mythological structure of the journey of the archetypal hero found in world myths.
The Movie Book The Myth
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Since the publication of The Hero with a Thousand Faces, Campbell's theory has been consciously applied by a wide variety of modern writers and artists. Filmmaker George Lucas acknowledged Campbell's theory in mythology, and its influence on the Star Wars films.[1]
The Joseph Campbell Foundation and New World Library issued a new edition of The Hero with a Thousand Faces in July 2008 as part of the Collected Works of Joseph Campbell series of books, audio and video recordings. In 2011, Time named it among the 100 most influential books written in English since 1923.[2]
Campbell explores the theory that mythological narratives frequently share a fundamental structure. The similarities of these myths brought Campbell to write his book in which he details the structure of the monomyth. He calls the motif of the archetypal narrative, "the hero's adventure". In a well-known passage from the introduction to The Hero with a Thousand Faces, Campbell summarizes the monomyth:
In laying out the monomyth, Campbell describes a number of stages or steps along this journey. "The hero's adventure" begins in the ordinary world. He must depart from the ordinary world, when he receives a call to adventure. With the help of a mentor, the hero will cross a guarded threshold, leading him to a supernatural world, where familiar laws and order do not apply. There, the hero will embark on a road of trials, where he is tested along the way. The archetypal hero is sometimes assisted by allies. As the hero faces the ordeal, he encounters the greatest challenge of the journey. Upon rising to the challenge, the hero will receive a reward, or boon. Campbell's theory of the monomyth continues with the inclusion of a metaphorical death and resurrection. The hero must then decide to return with this boon to the ordinary world. The hero then faces more trials on the road back. Upon the hero's return, the boon or gift may be used to improve the hero's ordinary world, in what Campbell calls, the application of the boon.
While many myths do seem to follow the outline of Campbell's monomyth, there is some variance in the inclusion and sequence of some of the stages. Still, there is an abundance of literature and folklore that follows the motif of the archetypal narrative, paralleling the more general steps of "Departure" (sometimes called Separation), "Initiation", and "Return". "Departure" deals with the hero venturing forth on the quest, including the call to adventure. "Initiation" refers to the hero's adventures that will test him along the way. The last part of the monomyth is the "Return", which follows the hero's journey home.
Campbell studied religious, spiritual, mythological and literary classics including the stories of Osiris, Prometheus, the Buddha, Moses, Mohammed, and Jesus. The book cites the similarities of the stories, and references them as he breaks down the structure of the monomyth.
The book includes a discussion of "the hero's journey" by using the Freudian concepts popular in the 1940s and 1950s. Campbell's theory incorporates a mixture of Jungian archetypes, unconscious forces, and Arnold van Gennep's structuring of rites of passage rituals to provide some illumination.[4] "The hero's journey" continues to influence artists and intellectuals in contemporary arts and culture, suggesting a basic usefulness for Campbell's insights beyond mid-20th century forms of analysis.
Campbell was a noted scholar of James Joyce, having co-authored A Skeleton Key to Finnegans Wake with Henry Morton Robinson. Campbell borrowed the term monomyth from Joyce's Finnegans Wake. In addition, Joyce's Ulysses was also highly influential in the structuring of the archetypal motif.
The book was originally published by the Bollingen Foundation through Pantheon Press as the seventeenth title in the Bollingen Series. This series was taken over by Princeton University Press, who published the book through 2006. Originally issued in 1949 and revised by Campbell in 1968, The Hero with a Thousand Faces has been reprinted a number of times. Reprints issued after the release of Star Wars in 1977 used the image of Mark Hamill as Luke Skywalker on the cover. Princeton University Press issued a commemorative printing of the second edition in 2004 on the occasion of the joint centennial of Campbell's birth and the Press's founding with an added foreword by Clarissa Pinkola Estés.
George Lucas' deliberate use of Campbell's theory of the monomyth in the making of the Star Wars movies is well documented. On the DVD release of the famous colloquy between Campbell and Bill Moyers, filmed at Lucas' Skywalker Ranch and broadcast in 1988 on PBS as The Power of Myth, Campbell and Moyers discussed Lucas's use of The Hero with a Thousand Faces in making his films.[9] Lucas himself discussed how Campbell's work affected his approach to storytelling and film-making.[10]
Mark Rosewater, head designer of the Magic: The Gathering trading card game, cites The Hero's Journey as a major inspiration for "The Weatherlight Saga", an epic story arc that went from 1997 to 2001, and spanned multiple card sets, comic books, and novels.
Christopher Vogler, a Hollywood film producer and writer, wrote a memo for Disney Studios on the use of The Hero with a Thousand Faces as a guide for scriptwriters; this memo influenced the creation of such films as Beauty and the Beast (1991), Aladdin (1992), and The Lion King (1994). Vogler later expanded the memo and published it as the book The Writer's Journey: Mythic Structure For Writers, which became the inspiration for a number of successful Hollywood films and is believed to have been used in the development of the Matrix series.
Novelist Richard Adams acknowledges a debt to Campbell's work, and specifically to the concept of the monomyth.[12] In his best known work, Watership Down, Adams uses extracts from The Hero with a Thousand Faces as chapter epigrams.[13]
Taking stories of Greek mythology and putting them to life on the big screen is no small task. Hollywood has been able to personify these ancient stories and play them out on the big screen for years. Hollywood accurately embodies the stories of these gods, goddesses, and heroes while embellishing their physicality on the big screen.
Greek mythology has been referenced in movies for decades. Greek mythology movies can reveal their plot in the title of the movie in either an obvious or subtle headline, while other movie titles may be named after Greek mythology, yet have nothing to do with portraying those stories.
Since the whole industry publishes books on Tuesday, I recommend you choose any other day to publish your book. You will have less competition and will be more likely to rank as an Amazon bestseller or #1 New Release if you launch on a different day.
Monday seems to be the best day to launch a book if you want to hit one of the newspaper bestseller lists. This gives you a full launch week of sales instead of only six days like you would get launching on Tuesday.
Speak! You can sign and sell more books in five minutes after a speech than you will in five hours of sitting in a Barnes and Noble. Spend your time booking speaking events and improving your public speaking. Delivering a speech is much easier than cold-calling customers who are browsing in a bookstore.
Book trailers are too different from books. Book trailers are short and audiovisual. Books are long and made of text. Most video book trailers are boring digital slideshows with stock music playing in the background. The book trailer does not match the quiet book-reading experience where your imagination supplies the audiovisual effects.
The book trailer for Sense and Sensibility and Sea Monsters is one of a few good book trailers. It probably cost more than $10,000 to create, and it also borrowed from a popular movie (which was possible because the movie was based on a public-domain work)
If your book is made into a movie, the studio will pay to have your story turned into a trailer. Buy a book on screenwriting (Affiliate Link), and learn how to write a story that would make a good movie. Then apply what you learn when you write your next novel.
This theme is a great time to revisit Of Monsters and Men's music video for Little Talks. Released a decade ago (time flies!), the video features a distinctive animation style that still looks good today. And of course, lots of mythical creatures.
Monsters, Inc. - This was the first movie my son saw in the theaters. Aww! I also thoroughly enjoyed riding the Monsters, Inc. ride (more than once) at Disney's California Adventure Park over the summer.
The Greek myths have been told and retold in so many variations, transferred to different time periods and locations, updated and altered. One of the most performed myths in different guises is the myth of Orpheus.
The popular 2019 Tony-award winning musical Hadestown is based on the Greek myth of Orpheus and Eurydice. Before the show was conceived, it was already a concept album. Check it out on cd or stream it on Freegal. The story, music and lyrics are by Anais Mitchell. The Broadway cast recording is also also available. It's a great show - here's a video of NPR's tiny desk concert with cast members performing songs from the show.
Another great take on the Orpheus myth takes place in Rio de Janeiro during Carnivale. The classic Portuguese movie Black Orpheus is also known for its famous score by Antonio Carlos Jobim and Luiz Bonfa which introduced the world to samba bossa nova. Black Orpheus is on Kanopy and dvd/bluray and the soundtrack is available as well. 2ff7e9595c
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